Sandia National Laboratories Laboratory Directed Research & Development 2015 Annual Report Sandia National Laboratories 2015 LDRD Annual Report Twenty-five years of innovation for our nation Throughout history, imagination and the capacity to dream have always driven great scientific and technological leaps forward. This results from stepping outside the boundaries imposed by mainstream scientific thinking, and partly from an ability to anticipate the future and what it may demand of us. The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 provided the basis for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratories to do just this—respond rapidly to research challenges and developments at the cutting edge of science and technology, all while nurturing the best and brightest minds in science, engineering, and technology. To help re-energize scientific, technological, and engineering excellence at our national laboratories, the National Defense Authorization Act of 1991 authorized the laboratories to devote a relatively small portion of their research budget to "work of a creative and innovative nature…for the purpose of maintaining the vitality of the laboratories in defense-related scientific disciplines." Since then, this effort has been formally called Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD). Currently directed by DOE Order 413.2C, LDRD continues to be an important mechanism for our national laboratories to anticipate, innovate, and deliver solutions for the most difficult and significant scientific and technical challenges facing our nation. For the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) laboratories, such as Sandia, LDRD is the single most important source of internal investment in the future, and allows Sandia to: • Maintain the scientific and technical vitality of the Laboratories • Enhance the Laboratories' ability to address current and future DOE/NNSA missions • Foster creativity and stimulate exploration of forefront science and technology • Serve as a proving ground for new concepts in research and development • Support high-risk, potentially high-value research and development 25 YEARS: For 25 years, our national laboratories, through the Congressionally authorized LDRD program, have invested in high-risk, potentially high-payoff research and development to address national security challenges. Some of the nation's most impactful technologies have come from LDRD and allowing researchers to "think outside the box." Department of Energy ORDER DOE O 413.2C (Approved 10-22-2015): SUBJECT: LABORATORY DIRECTED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. Table of Contents Program Overview 4 Bioscience 12 Computing & Information Sciences 30 Engineering Sciences 74 Geoscience 108 Materials Science 124 Nanodevices & Microsystems 164 Radiation Effects & High Energy Density Sciences 204 New Ideas 234 Defense Systems & Assessments 248 Energy & Climate 326 International, Homeland, & Nuclear Security 370 Nuclear Weapons 412 Grand Challenges 440 Exploratory Express 448 Unpublished Summaries 478 Awards & Recognition 480 On the Cover: - Juan Elizondo Decanini holds two compact, high-voltage nonlinear transmission lines. Juan leads a project to exploit nonlinear behavior in materials—behavior that's usually shunned because it's so unpredictable. (173182) - Kristina Czuchlewski is principal investigator for the 26-member PANTHER team, which has accomplished a number of breakthroughs in rethinking how to compare motion and trajectories; developing software to represent remote sensor images, couple them with additional information, and present them in a searchable form; and conducting fundamental research on visual cognition. (165535) - This playground structure represents a larger-than-life nanoporous metal organic framework (MOF) to this Sandia National Laboratories research team of (clockwise from upper left) Michael Foster, Vitalie Stavila, Catalin Spataru, François Léonard, Mark Allendorf, Alec Talin and Reese Jones. The team made the first measurements of thermoelectric behavior in a MOF. (180898) - Judit Zádor's KinBot code looks for 3D structures in chemical reactions to automatically make predictions about behavior of potential reactions in combustion for a given molecule. With these predictions, scientists can identify the rates at which relevant reactions take place, information that is critical to understanding combustion. (153342) - Ryan Davis and Sandia National Laboratories colleagues have developed a method to recycle critical and costly algae cultivation nutrients phosphate and nitrogen. (165714) A message from Sandia's Chief Technology Officer On Nov. 5, 1990, President George H.W. Bush signed the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year (FY) 1991, establishing the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program. The act authorized Department of Energy laboratories to allocate a portion of their budgets toward innovative research and development that serves to maintain their scientific and technical vitality. At Sandia, LDRD-funded work has been a major contributor to scientific understanding and technological advances. Our researchers work together across a broad spectrum of disciplines, collaborating to advance the frontiers of science and engineering in ways that are critical to Sandia's seven national security mission areas, which range from ensuring the safety, security and reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile to securing a sustainable energy future. LDRD is an essential component of Sandia's strategy for sustaining and developing the world-class science, technology, and engineering capabilities needed to respond rapidly to evolving national security needs as they arise. LDRD research has contributed to scientific and technical advancement at a level that far exceeds what would be expected from a program of its size, less than 6% of Sandia's FY 2015 budget. Over the past 25 years, Sandia's LDRD program has produced significant advances in areas such as microelectronics, materials science, defense, and advanced radar. These achievements, along with significant intellectual impacts—e.g., highly cited peer-reviewed publications, patents, professional society fellowships and awards, and R&D 100 Awards—demonstrate how Sandia's LDRD investments shape the scientific landscape and impact the state-of-the-art technologies for national security. The LDRD program has played and continues to play a critical part in Sandia's ability to attract outstanding engineers and scientists, by creating an invigorating and productive research environment. The program has been particularly valuable in recent years as Sandia recruits and trains a new generation of talented scientists and engineers. LDRD is a critical tool in attracting highly sought-after top talent to the Labs. Each year, researchers across Sandia submit proposals for creative, forward-looking R&D projects that have the potential to greatly benefit our national security mission. In this report, you will find descriptions of each of the projects funded in FY 2015, as well as more information on Sandia's LDRD program. Rob Leland Chief Technology Officer Vice President, Science & Technology A Snapshot of Sandia's LDRD Program Program Goals: - Enable our national security missions, now and in the future - Advance the frontiers of science and technology - Attract and retain a world-class research community FY 2015 LDRD Program Statistics: - Total LDRD Program Cost: $149 million - Total LDRD Projects: 380 projects - Mean Project Size: $280 K - Researchers that charged >10% LDRD: 1127 - LDRD hours charged by new staff (< 5 years at Sandia): 37% LDRD and Early Career Staff Development [FY 2011 - 2015]: - LDRD-supported postdocs: 278 (51% of all Sandia) - LDRD-supported postdoc conversions: 86 (62% of all Sandia) Intellectual Property Resulting from LDRD: - Refereed Publications [CY 2011 - 2014]: 1,244 (30% of all Sandia) - Technical Advances [FY 2011 - 2015]: 803 (48% of all Sandia) - Patents Issued [FY 2011 - 2015]: 247 (50% of all Sandia) - Software Copyrights [FY 2011 - 2015]: 83 (24% of all Sandia) - R&D 100 Awards [CY 2009 - 2014]: 14 (74% of all Sandia) Program Structure Sandia's research strategy arises from its laboratory strategy and is organized through program elements known as Investment Areas, each of which is focused on discipline- or mission-based research priorities set by upper management. The LDRD program elements mirror this structure. Research Foundations Investment Areas: - Bioscience: Analyze, understand, and control the functions of biological systems in order to reduce global chemical and biological dangers and secure a sustainable energy future. - Computing & Information Sciences: Advance the state of the art in computer and computational science and engineering, and information and data science relevant to national security. - Engineering Sciences: Integrate theory, computational simulation, and experimental discovery and validation to understand and predict the behavior of complex physical phenomena and systems. - Geoscience: Perform world-class R&D focused on the properties, structure, phenomena and processes associated with the earth's geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. - Materials Science: Nurture foundational materials capabilities by developing methodologies to enable new understanding—or create enhanced understanding—of materials that are critical to our national security missions. - Nanodevices & Microsystems: Perform creative, leading edge, and high-impact R&D to discover new phenomena at the nanoscale and microscale; and create or prove new concepts, devices, components, subsystems, and systems. - Radiation Effects & High Energy Density Sciences: Advance the state of the art in radiation effects sciences, dynamic material properties, high energy density science, inertial confinement fusion, and pulsed power technology to enable stockpile stewardship and national security missions. - New Ideas: Support pioneering research that may lead to game-changing breakthroughs in science and technology that could eventually impact national security. Mission Foundations Investment Areas: - Defense Systems & Assessments: Develop innovative systems, sensors, and advanced science and technology solutions to detect, deter, track, defeat, and defend against threats to our national security. - Energy & Climate: Develop and create capabilities to contribute to the nation's energy security and resilience, economic viability, and environmental sustainability. - International, Homeland, & Nuclear Security: Support innovative science and technology that enhances our abilities to provide effective advice, analyses, technologies, and enterprise-level solutions to manage risks from the world's most dangerous events. - Nuclear Weapons: Nurture a creative and vibrant science, technology, and engineering base to support a deep scientific understanding of current and future NW products. - Grand Challenges: Address bold science, technology and engineering challenges and provide breakthrough solutions to critical national security challenges. - Exploratory Express: Answer a key research question, within a relatively short timeframe, in an area of current or future strategic importance to Sandia. Project Selection and Oversight: From Idea to Project Each year, the LDRD program issues a Labs-wide Call for Ideas organized through the Investment Area leadership teams. In response, staff members generate ideas and proposals that are directed to the appropriate Investment Area selection committee for evaluation. The Sandia LDRD program is highly competitive. In FY 2015, 866 short idea proposals were submitted; the Investment Area selection committees invited 166 of those to submit full proposals. Ultimately, 71 new projects were funded, with 51 additional projects funded throughout the fiscal year. When added to ongoing projects, 380 projects were active in FY 2015. Each proposal undergoes a rigorous review process, including peer review by subject-matter experts. NNSA guidance—as well as SNL's internal LDRD processes—provides the framework for review and selection of Sandia's LDRD portfolio. Idea evaluation criteria include: alignment with Sandia strategy and potential impact to Sandia; technical merit and feasibility; and leading edge, high risk R&D character. For each idea selected, the respective Investment Area appoints a Portfolio/Project Manager who has the appropriate knowledge, experience, and position to leverage the potential impact of the R&D. Multi-year projects are reviewed each year, and must show sufficient technical progress and programmatic alignment in order to receive continued funding. The Grand Challenges portfolio is an important investment for Sandia, and there are special requirements for these larger projects, beyond a longer, detailed proposal and a more rigorous review process. For example, they must form an External Advisory Board (EAB) to guide clarity of project vision and appropriate technical focus. The EAB critically reviews the project's technical progress and planned R&D activities, and provides insight about potential applications throughout the project lifetime. FY 2015 Idea and Project selection process statistics: 866 Ideas -> IA Review -> 166 Proposals -> IA & SME Review -> 71 New Projects (+51 throughout FY). Mission-Enabling Research: LDRD projects are chosen for their technical quality, their differentiating and programmatic value to Sandia, and their relevance to DOE/NNSA's missions, as well as the national security missions of the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense, and Other Federal Agencies. Research Highlights: - Predictive Assessment of State of Health and Lifetime of Components (Paiboon Tangyunyong, PI): Using power spectrum analysis (PSA) to detect electrical differences and aging effects on discrete components/diodes/capacitors subjected to accelerated life tests for stockpile assurance. - PANTHER: Pattern Analytics to Support High-Performance Exploitation and Reasoning (Kristina Czuchlewski, PI): Unifying sensor extraction, big data analytics, and human analytics to examine historical and current remote sensing data to identify geospatial-temporal patterns. - Radiography Signature Science of Homemade Explosives (John Parmeter, PI): Multi-energy computed tomography (CT) and theoretical calculations to investigate X-ray attenuation properties of liquid and powder homemade explosives. - Sandia's Twistact Technology: The Key to Proliferation of Wind Power (Jeff Koplow, PI): High-current pure rolling-contact slip-ring architecture eliminating the need for rare-earth magnets in multi-MW direct-drive wind turbines. A World-Class Research Community - Award Highlights: - Jon Madison: Black Engineer of the Year (3D materials science for high-reliability components) - Somuri Prasad: Asian American Engineer of the Year (friction and wear in materials) - Pavel Bochev: DOE Ernest Lawrence Award (computational models and PDEs) - Margot Hutchins: Outstanding Young Engineer Award, SME (systems analysis and cyber resilience) - Steve Slutz: Fellow of the American Physical Society (MagLIF concept) - Dan Sinars: Fellow of the American Physical Society (X-ray radiography and spectroscopy on z-pinch physics/HEDP) - Abraham Ellis: Great Minds in STEM, Outstanding Technical Achievement (grid integration of renewables) - Susan Rempe: New Mexico Women of Influence Award (nanoporous membranes, drug delivery, CO2 capture) - Patrick Feng: Asian American Engineer of the Year (organic-based fast neutron detection materials) - Hongyou Fan: Fred Kavli Distinguished Lecture in Nanoscience, MRS (nanoparticle assembly) - Tamara Kolda: Fellow, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (tensor decompositions and data analysis) Bioscience Investment Area focuses on biodefense/emerging infectious diseases and advanced biofuels. Key Projects Summary: - 180812 | Bio-Emulative MOF-Based Lignin Degradation Catalysts (M. D. Allendorf): Emulating natural lignin degradation enzymes using metal-organic frameworks for robust biorefining. - 165822 | Consolidated Bioprocessing and Biofuels Production Platform (R. W. Davis): Utilizing Bacillus subtilis chassis to consolidate biomass degradation and biofuel synthesis. - 180817 | Coupling Chemical Energy with Protein Conformational Changes to Translocate Small Molecules across Membranes (S. Rempe): Molecular simulation of active membrane transport mechanisms. - 180811 | CRISPR Technology for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Countermeasure Development (O. Negrete): Developing CRISPR-Cas9 reagents and cellular screening against viral biothreats including Ebola. - 186364 | Discovery of Anti-Viral Inhibitors against the Chikungunya Virus nsP2 Protease Domain (B. N. Harmon): Developing FRET assay and drug discovery for Chikungunya virus. - 173020 | EKSG: A Universal Sample Prep Technology for Multidimensional Bioscience (A. Hatch): Electrokinetic step gradient microfluidic devices for separating nucleic acids, proteins, and cells. - 173021 | In Vivo High-Throughput Transcriptomics to Elucidate the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Pathogen Interactions (R. Meagher): Automated Pathogen Capture system for dual host-pathogen RNA-seq. - 173493 | Metal Organic Frameworks for Targeted, Triggered, Sustained, and Systemic Delivery of Antibiotics (C. E. Ashley): Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) and MOF nanocarriers delivering antibiotics targeting Francisella tularensis. - 180814 | Predictive Pathogen Biology: Genome-Based Prediction of Pathogenic Potential and Countermeasures Targets (J. S. Schoeniger): GWAS and machine learning for predicting virulence and antibiotic resistance. - 170801 | Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for Therapeutic Antibody Epitope Mapping and Vaccine Development (O. Negrete): High-resolution epitope mapping under BSL-2 conditions. - 170804 | Systems-Level Synthetic Biology for Advanced Biofuel Production (A. Ruffing): Multipromoter engineering in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 for enhanced free fatty acid and alkane yields. - 165609 | The Engineering and Understanding of Nanoparticle/Cellular Interactions (C. J. Brinker): Development of protocell nanocarriers evaluated in vivo using CAM models. - 173019 | Understanding and Engineering Lignolysis for Renewable Chemical Production (S. Singh): Developing Bacillus subtilis strains and transporters for lignin valorization. - 165607 | Unknown Pathogen Detection in Clinical Samples: A Novel Hyperspectral Imaging and Single Cell Sequencing Approach (B. Carson): Microfluidic cell sorting coupled with hyperspectral imaging and single-cell sequencing. Computing and Information Sciences Investment Area: - 181061 | (Active) Learning on Groups of Data with Information-Theoretic Estimators (W. P. Kegelmeyer) - 181062 | A Domain-Specific Language for Distributed Tensor Computations (T. G. Kolda) - 173867 | A Framework for Wind Turbine Design under Uncertainty (M. S. Eldred) - 173667 | Active Learning in the Era of Big Data (W. L. Davis, IV) - 188256 | Adaptive Bayesian Inference for Prediction (T. M. Wildey) - 166140 | Adaptive Multimodel Simulation Infrastructure (AMSI) (M. W. Glass) - 180820 | Advanced Data Structures for Improved Cyber Resilience and Awareness in Untrusted Environments (C. A. Phillips) - 173331 | Advanced Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Circuit Simulation (E. R. Keiter) - 173028 | Analyst-to-Analyst Variability in Simulation-Based Prediction (M. R. Glickman) - 173031 | APEX: Application Characterization for Exascale Systems (S. D. Hammond) - 165613 | Cognitive Computing for Security (E. Debenedictis) - 173025 | Coupling Computational Models: From Art to Science (P. B. Bochev) - 180822 | Data-Driven Optimization for the Design and Control of Large-Scale Systems (D. P. Kouri) - 178670 | Decision Analytics for Complex Supply Chain Networks (G. K. Kao) - 188321 | Detecting Lateral Movement on Internal Networks (S. Martin) - 165617 | Efficient Probability of Failure Calculations for QMU using Computational Geometry (S. A. Mitchell) - 166537 | Enabling Bidirectional Modality Transitions in Collaborative Virtual Environments (K. M. Mahrous) - 177965 | Game Theory for Proactive Dynamic Defense and Attack Mitigation in Cyber-Physical Systems (J. Letchford) - 183780 | Graph Learning in Knowledge Bases (A. Pinar) - 165614 | HostWatch: Situational Awareness of Machine State for Cybersecurity (J. B. Ingram) - 180823 | Identification of Markers of High RANS Uncertainty for Model Improvement in Engineering Flows (J. Ling) - 180818 | In Situ Compressed Sampling and Reconstruction of Exascale Unstructured Mesh Datasets (M. Salloum) - 166141 | Kernel and Meshless Methods for Partial Differential Equations (R. B. Lehoucq) - 178470 | Modeling Information Multiplexing in the Hippocampus (F. S. Chance) - 165611 | Operationally Relevant Cyber Situational Awareness Tool Development (R. G. Abbott) - 180819 | PIMS: Memristor-Based Processing-in-Memory-and-Storage (J. Cook) - 173882 | Reducing Computation and Communication in Scientific Computing: Connecting Theory to Practice (G. Ballard) - 173883 | Scaling up Semiconductor Quantum Computers through Multiscale Analysis (J. K. Gamble, IV) - 173024 | Simulation Capability and Computational Assessment of Memristors as Beyond-CMOS Logic and Memory Devices (D. Mamaluy) - 165616 | Strong Local-Nonlocal Coupling for Integrated Fracture Modeling (D. J. Littlewood) - 165615 | Sublinear Algorithms for In Situ and In-Transit Data Analysis at Exascale (J. C. Bennett) - 180821 | Topological Design Optimization of Convolutes in Next-Generation Pulsed Power Devices (E. C. Cyr) - 173026 | Towards Rigorous Multiphysics Shock-Hydro Capabilities for Predictive Computational Analysis (J. N. Shadid) - 173029 | User-Accessible Unified Manycore Performance-Portable Programming Model (H. C. Edwards) - 188255 | Versatile Formal Methods Applied to Quantum Information (W. Witzel) Engineering Sciences Investment Area: - 186870 | A Galerkin Least Squares Approach to Viscoelastic Flow Modeling (R. R. Rao) - 173194 | A Mesh-Free Method to Predictively Simulate Solid-to-Liquid Phase Transitions in Abnormal Thermal Environments (J. A. Templeton) - 180879 | A PDE Constrained Optimization Approach for Crack Identification Based on Phase-Field Regularization (M. R. Tupek) - 165649 | A Process and Environment Aware Sierra/SM Cohesive Zone Modeling Capability for Polymer/Solid Interfaces (E. D. Reedy, Jr.) - 186367 | Advanced Computational Methods for Thermal Radiative Heat Transfer (J. Tencer) - 170974 | Determination of Surface-Mediated Degradation Products in Energetic Materials at Critical Interfaces (C. L. Beppler) - 180877 | Developing Strong, Concurrent, Multiphysics, Multiscale Coupling to Understand the Impact of Microstructural Mechanisms on the Structural Scale (J. W. Foulk, III) - 173881 | Development of a Spatially Resolved Microwave Interferometer (SRMI) (P. E. Specht) - 173097 | Experiments and Computational Theory for Electrical Breakdown in Critical Components (F. J. Zutavern) - 180876 | Experiments to Elucidate Fundamental Breakup Mechanisms of Molten Components in Shock-Driven Flows (D. R. Guildenbecher) - 180880 | Exploring the Influence of Microstructural Properties of Heterogeneous Explosives on Performance (T. Reedy) - 173655 | Fully Coupled Simulation of Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Performance (S. A. Roberts) - 173095 | High Fidelity Coupling Methods for Blast Response on Thin Shell Structures (M. W. Heinstein) - 166152 | High Precision Testing and Structural Analysis of Li-ion Batteries (S. R. Ferreira) - 180875 | Magnetic Sensing to Determine Material Flows within Opaque Vessels (M. Nemer) - 173098 | Mechanics of Battery Degradation through Stress-Driven Rearrangement of Percolated Conductive Networks during Discharge and Cycling (A. Grillet) - 173096 | Modeling Primary Atomization of Liquid Fuels using a Multiphase DNS/LES Approach (M. Arienti) - 180878 | Multiscale Now! A Novel Hierarchical Approach for Multiscale Structural Reliability Predictions of Ultra-High Consequence Systems (J. M. Emery) - 180883 | Novel Method to Characterize and Model the Multiaxial Constitutive and Damage Response of Energetic Materials (M. J. Kaneshige) - 171117 | Numerical Methods for Efficient Simulations and Analysis of Circuits with Separated Time Scales (M. N. Hsieh) - 165652 | Prediction of Spark Discharge Paths and Voltages (L. K. Warne) - 180881 | Process Modeling for Additive Manufacturing (L. L. Beghini) - 165646 | Quantitative Imaging of Turbulent Mixing Dynamics in High-Pressure Fuel Injection to Enable Predictive Simulations of Engine Combustion (J. H. Frank) - 173878 | Reducing the Adverse Effects of Boundary-Layer Transition on High-Speed Flight Vehicles (K. M. Casper) - 184022 | Solving the Big Data (BD) Problem in Advanced Manufacturing (B. W. Clark) - 165656 | Time-Resolved Optical Measurements of Shock-Induced Chemistry in Energetic Materials (R. R. Wixom) - 180874 | Understanding Hot Spot Initiation using Electronic Ultrafast Sum Frequency Spectroscopy (J. J. Kay) - 166153 | Upscaling Ab-Initio Quantum Chemistry Models for Nonequilibrium Reacting Flow Simulations (D. J. Rader) Geoscience Investment Area: - 165670 | Appraisal of Hydraulic Fractures Using Natural Tracers (J. E. Heath) - 171381 | Detecting Seasonal Changes in Permafrost using In Situ Seismic Velocities, Near-Field Soil Moisture Monitoring, and Remote Sensing (R. Abbott) - 165669 | Determination of Aerosol Scattering Characteristics for Atmospheric Measurements (M. Arienti) - 173102 | Fundamental Study of Disposition and Release of Methane in a Shale Gas Reservoir (Y. Wang) - 173101 | Imaging the Subsurface with Upgoing Muons (N. Bonal) - 165668 | Methane Hydrate Formation on Clay Mineral Surfaces: Thermodynamic Stability and Heterogeneous Nucleation Mechanisms (R. T. Cygan) - 173100 | Monitoring, Understanding, and Predicting the Growth of Methane Emissions in the Arctic (H. A. Michelsen) - 171069 | Polyfunctional Desorption of Oil from Shales (P. V. Brady) - 173662 | Predicting the Occurrence of Mixed Mode Failure Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing (S. J. Bauer) - 180882 | Self-Tuning Seismic Sensor Data Processing (T. J. Draelos) Materials Science Investment Area: - 180901 | Additive Manufacturing: Predicting the Performance and Reliability of Laser Engineered Materials (J. D. Sugar) - 180899 | Compliant Nanoepitaxy: The Next Materials Revolution (S. R. Lee) - 168763 | Creating a Novel Silicon Substrate for the MOCVD Growth of Low Defect GaN (A. A. Allerman) - 180900 | Engineered Reliability via Intrinsic Thermomechanical Stability of Nanocrystalline Alloys (B. Clark) - 173670 | Engineering Bioelectronic Signal Transduction using the Bacterial Type III Secretion Apparatus (D. Y. Sasaki) - 173124 | Harnessing Multiscale Periodicity of 2D-Crystals for Flexible Adaptable Broadband Optics (T. E. Beechem, III) - 173121 | High Fidelity Modeling of Ionic Conduction in Solids (F. P. Doty) - 180902 | Improved Mechanical Performance and Reliability of Radical-Cured Thermosets (E. M. Redline) - 173118 | In Situ Study of Surface-Mediated Explosive Degradation using Surface-Enhanced IR-Vis Sum Frequency Generation (D. Farrow) - 165694 | Ion-Conduction Mechanisms in NaSICON-Type Membranes for Energy Storage and Utilization (A. H. McDaniel) - 165692 | LEEM-PEEM Studies of Localization Mechanisms in InGaN-Based Heterostructures (T. Ohta) - 180835 | Microsensor Arrays for Energy Efficiency, Emission Monitoring and Explosives Detection (F. H. Garzon) - 180898 | Molecule@MOF: A New Class of Optoelectronic Materials (A. A. Talin) - 173116 | Multi-Resolution Characterization and Prediction of Environmentally Assisted Intergranular Fracture (R. A. Karnesky) - 166636 | Multiscale Modeling of SMA Materials (T. E. Buchheit) - 177964 | Novel Cathode Materials for Large-Scale Electrical Energy Storage (D. F. Sava Gallis) - 173117 | Phonon Scattering at Mobile Ferroelastic Domain Walls: Toward Voltage Tunable Thermal Conductivity (J. Ihlefeld) - 165698 | Predicting Growth of Graphene Nanostructures using High-Fidelity Atomistic Simulations (N. C. Bartelt) - 178667 | Predicting the Multiscale, Mechanical Response of Additively Manufactured Materials across a Wide Spectrum of Loading Conditions (D. P. Adams) - 165696 | Programmable Nanocomposite Membranes for Ion-Based Electrical Energy Storage (E. D. Spoerke) - 177962 | Room Temperature Solid State Deposition of Ceramics (P. Sarobol) - 173119 | Scanning Ultrafast Electron Microscopy for Charge Carrier Lifetime Imaging with High Spatial Resolution (J. R. Michael) - 165697 | Science-Based Design of Stable Quantum Dots for Energy-Efficient Lighting (J. E. Martin) - 176400 | The Development of a Novel AlGaN Defect Detection, Localization, and Analysis Methodology (M. A. Miller) - 165700 | Tunable Quantum Dot Solids: Impact of Interparticle Interactions on Bulk Properties (M. B. Sinclair) - 173122 | Understanding and Overcoming Materials Challenges for AlN: A Scientific Foundation for Next-Generation Power Electronics (A. Armstrong) - 165824 | Understanding Membrane-Nanoparticle Interactions: Implications for Developing Novel Medical Therapeutics and Functional Materials (C. Ting) - 173653 | Utilization of Reactive Metal Films for Self-Healing Metal Matrix Composites (D. P. Adams) Nanodevices and Microsystems Investment Area: - 173130 | A New Approach to Entangling Neutral Atoms (G. Biedermann) - 173134 | A Space-Like Low-Energy Proton Test Environment to Rapidly Qualify Advanced Microelectronics for Flight Readiness (N. A. Dodds) - 165702 | Active Plasmonics from the Weak to Strong Coupling Regime (G. A. Keeler) - 180919 | Atom Traps on a Microfabricated Optical Waveguide Platform for Quantum-Limited Spin-Squeezed Magnetometry and Quantum Information Applications (Y. Jau) - 180920 | Beyond Graphene: BN-Based Semiconductor Alloys for Next-Generation Optoelectronics (A. A. Allerman) - 173129 | Beyond Moore's Law through 3D-IC Fabrication (D. B. Burckel) - 173339 | Chemical Vapor into Liquid (CViL) Encapsulation of Microorganisms for Hazardous Agent Detection (J. C. Harper) - 172334 | Decoupling Superconducting Transmon Qubits from their Quantum Bus/Readout Resonators to Enable Scaling (R. M. Lewis) - 173665 | Defect Characterization in Low Bandgap Materials (E. A. Shaner) - 165823 | Development of a MEMS Dual-Axis Differential Capacitance (B. Griffin) - 165705 | Efficient Heat Removal from Power Semiconductor Devices using Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Graphene (M. P. Siegal) - 165704 | Electrically Injected UV-Visible Nanowire Lasers (G. T. Wang) - 180907 | Electrochemical Detection of Single Molecules in Nanogap Electrode Fluidic Devices (R. Polsky) - 165706 | Fabrication and Characterization of a Single Hole Transistor in p-type GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures (L. A. Tracy) - 180909 | Fluid Polymer Bilayer Matrices: Toward Robust and Field-Deployable Biosensors (W. F. Paxton) - 173131 | Fundamental Scaling of Microplasmas and Tunable UV Light Generation (R. P. Manginell) - 166154 | In Situ Techniques to Characterize Creep and Fatigue in Freestanding Metal Thin Films (B. Boyce) - 180906 | Magnetic Josephson Junction Memory and 3D Integration for Scalable, High Performance, Low Power Computing (N. A. Missert) - 173133 | Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films as Gas-Chromatography Stationary Phases for the Detection of Toxic Industrial Chemicals (D. Read) - 165703 | Minority Carrier Lifetime Characterization and Analysis for Infrared Detectors (E. A. Shaner) - 173269 | Multifunctional Integrated Sensors (MFISES) (B. D. Homeijer) - 165707 | Optical Polarization Based Genomic Sensor (R. Polsky) - 173496 | Piezoelectric Nano-Optomechanical Systems (M. Eichenfield) - 165708 | Programmable Piezoelectric RF Filters (C. Nordquist) - 173126 | Reduced Dimensionality Lithium Niobate Microsystems (M. Eichenfield) - 178675 | Robust Operations and Algorithms for Quantum Information Systems (T. S. Metodi) - 173128 | Seebeck Enhancement via Quantum Confinement in MOSFET's: Towards Monolithic On-Chip Cooling (I. F. El-Kady) - 173127 | The Anatomy of the Minority Carrier-Atomic Cluster Interaction in Semiconductors (B. L. Doyle) - 188288 | Vertically Injected Ultraviolet Laser Diodes (M. H. Crawford) - 186113 | Visible Quantum Nanophotonics (A. J. Fischer) - 173132 | Zero-Power Wake-Up Device (R. W. Brocato) Radiation Effects and High Energy Density Sciences Investment Area: - 173192 | An ion-Neutron Electron-Gamma SIMulation System for Radiation Testing of Optical Components for Weapons Systems - NGOSIM (B. L. Doyle) - 181198 | Application of Enhanced Photocurrent Models (D. A. Black) - 177967 | Cavity Electron Density Measurements within Pulsed Radiation Environments (K. S. Bell) - 180932 | Compact Models for Defect Diffusivity in Semiconductor Alloys (A. F. Wright) - 173191 | Creating the Foundation of Next-Generation Pulsed Power Accelerator Technology (B. Stoltzfus) - 178661 | Direct Observation of Electrothermal Instability Structures in the Skin Layer of an Intensely Ohmically Heated Conductor (T. J. Awe) - 165732 | Electrical Breakdown Physics in Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches (PCSS) (A. Mar) - 165738 | Evaluation of Warm X-Ray Bremsstrahlung Diodes on Z (V. Harper-Slaboszewicz) - 165746 | Exploring New Frontiers in Kinetic Physics in Inertial Confinement Fusion (P. Schmit) - 180933 | Extending the Accessible Range of Strain Rates on Z using Continuously Graded-Density Flyers Fabricated using Sputter Deposition (D. P. Adams) - 170977 | Fiber Optic Streak Spectroscopy of Gas Cells in Extreme Radiation Environments (K. M. Williamson) - 165739 | High Pressure Pre-Compression Cells for Planetary and Stellar Science (C. T. Seagle) - 165736 | Implementing and Diagnosing Magnetic Flux Compression on Z (R. D. McBride) - 173190 | Investigating Laser Preheat and Applied Magnetic Fields Relevant to the MagLIF Fusion Scheme (A. B. Sefkow) - 180935 | Measuring Plasma Formation, Field Strength, and Current Loss in Pulsed Power Diodes (M. D. Johnston) - 173868 | Modeling of Nonlocal Electron Conduction for Inertial Confinement Fusion (L. Lorence) - 173193 | Next-Generation Multiscale Plasma Codes (M. Martin) - 181060 | Predictive Modeling of Aging and Degradation of Materials in Extreme Environments (R. P. Dingreville) - 165741 | Radiation Susceptibility of Memristive Technologies in Hostile Environments (M. L. McLain) - 181063 | Study of Complex Power Flow Structures using Self-Consistent Particle-in-Cell (PIC) Calculations (D. Reisman) - 173189 | Wavelength Conversion Arrays for Optical and X-Ray Diagnostics at Z (E. J. Skogen) - 165733 | Z-Pinch X-Ray Sources for 15-60keV (D. Ampleford) New Ideas Investment Area: - 184377 | Can Symmetry Transitions of Complex Fields Enable 3D Control of Fluid Vorticity? (J. E. Martin) - 165714 | Closing the Nutrient Utilization Loop in Algal Production (T. Lane) - 180922 | Controlling Nanoparticle Assembly to Engineer New Materials (G. S. Grest) - 180923 | Emergent Phenomena in Oxide Nanostructures (W. Pan) - 173139 | Exploring Revolutionary Thermoelectric Performance via Quantum Confinement (M. P. Siegal) - 165713 | Exploring the Possibility of Exotic Ground States in Twisted Bilayer Graphene (T. Ohta) - 180925 | Low Afterglow Scintillators for High-Rate Radiation Detection (P. L. Feng) - 173142 | Probing Small-Molecule Degradation to Counter Enzyme Promiscuity (S. Rempe) - 180924 | Sandia's RVCC Technology: A Pathway to Ultrahigh Efficiency Building Air Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration (J. P. Koplow) - 173140 | Synthetic DNA for Highly Secure Information Storage and Transmission (G. Bachand) Defense Systems and Assessments Investment Area: - 173066 | Adaptive Waveform and Signal Processing Techniques that Mitigate Adversarial Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2AD) Technology (C. Musgrove) - 173058 | Advanced Beamsplitter Fabrication Techniques for Enabling a Novel Compact Multispectral Diffraction-Limited Imaging System (T. D. Henson) - 180853 | Advanced Detection and Focusing of "Peak Through" SAR Imagery in Foliage (D. L. Bickel) - 173071 | Assessing the Security Impact of Moving Target Defense (MTD) Approaches (B. P. Van Leeuwen) - 173047 | Automated Blind Signal Characterization (J. R. Templin) - 180842 | Biologically Enabled Remote Sensing for Real-Time Detection and Threat Response (A. Ruffing) - 173060 | Broadband Digital AESA Radar Prototype for Multi-Mission ISR Applications (H. Loui) - 173050 | Carrier Lifetime Mapping for Infrared Detectors (G. Soehnel) - 173056 | Co-Design of Sensors and Analysis Methods for Optical Remote Sensing of Spectral-Temporal Signals (M. W. Smith) - 165547 | Computer Network Deception (V. Urias) - 180830 | Confidence in Cyber Modeling and Simulation (S. T. Jones) - 173059 | Deployable, Ground-Based, Discrete Zoom Telescope (E. G. Winrow) - 173062 | Developing a System for Testing Computational Social Models using Amazon Mechanical Turk (K. Lakkaraju) - 170798 | Development of an In Situ Sensing Technique for Characterizing Fissionable and Fissile Materials in the Presence of Fission Debris (S. Mitra) - 180839 | Dim Target Tracking using an Adaptively Tuned Velocity Matched Filter on High Performance Computing using A Priori Information for Real-Time Tracking (D. K. Melgaard) - 180834 | DISeG: Data Inferencing on Semantic Graphs (J. D. Wendt) - 173067 | Dynamic Analytical Capability to Better Understand and Anticipate Extremist Shifts within Populations under Authoritarian Regimes (M. L. Bernard) - 180833 | Dynamic Multi-Sensor Multi-Mission Optimal Planning Tool (C. G. Valicka) - 173045 | Enabling Nanoink Materials for Direct Write and Additive Manufacturing (A. Cook) - 180856 | Engineering Efficient Human-System Interaction in Defense Systems-of-Systems (M. J. Hoffman) - 180840 | Exploitation of Optical Polarimetry for Remote Sensing (J. C. Jones) - 180836 | Exploring 2D Materials for Remote Sensing Applications (J. A. Bartz) - 180831 | Flux: Toward a General Model of Moving Target Defense Efficacy (C. Lamb) - 165555 | Ground Moving Target Extraction, Tracking, and Image Fusion (T. J. Ma) - 180832 | High Fidelity ARM Virtualization for Large-Scale Mobile Emulytics (D. J. Fritz) - 173063 | Holistic Portfolio Optimization using Directed Mutations (M. A. Smith) - 180826 | Hypersonic Autopilot Adaptive Control for Aerodynamic Uncertainty Mitigation (D. M. Kozlowski) - 180845 | Hyperspectral Hypertemporal Database Reference Search Project (J. D. Zollweg) - 173064 | Imaging LIDAR and Raman Imaging LIDAR through Fog and Dust for Maritime Surveillance (S. A. Kemme) - 173069 | Imaging Mass Spectrometry for Biometric and Forensic Detection (J. M. Hochrein) - 180846 | Improving Radiation Spectra Identification for Radioactive Materials with Uncertain Configurations (M. L. Koudelka) - 170803 | Integration of a Neutron Sensor with Commercial CMOS (W. C. Rice) - 180825 | Intelligent Control for Autonomous Penetration (ICAP) (S. Buerger) - 180838 | Internal Structure Mapping with X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging (A. L. Dagel) - 170806 | Liquid Metal Embrittled Structures for Fragmenting Warheads (J. J. Rudolphi) - 180859 | Macro Supply Chain Decision Analytics (G. K. Kao) - 180855 | Meta-Meta-Optimization for Integrated Requirements Development (A. Dessanti) - 173048 | Micro Scale, Low Power RF Power Detector using IC-Based Calorimeters (K. Wojciechowski) - 170973 | Model Reduction for Quantum Technologies (M. Sarovar) - 173065 | Modeling and Experimental Validation of Jet Vane Forces for a New Type of Missile Defense Kill Vehicle Steering System (L. A. Jones) - 173061 | Motion Estimation and Compensation for Focusing Maritime Targets (D. W. Harmony) - 178851 | Multi-Resolution Image Fusion (E. A. Shields) - 165701 | Nonlinear Response Materials for Radiation Detection (D. R. Wheeler) - 176117 | Novel Materials and Devices for Solid State Neutron Detection (R. P. Manginell) - 173073 | Optical Detection of Ultratrace Molecules (C. F. Lacasse, IV) - 180828 | Patterns of Life via High Performance Computing (S. J. Bussell) - 173055 | Persistent Space Situational Awareness (D. D. Cox) - 180841 | Pinned Photodiode Pixel Development Enabling High Performance Visible FPAs (R. R. Kay) - 180847 | Plasmonic Pixel-Level-Tunable Detector (D. W. Peters) - 173490 | Plasmonic-Based Optical Modulators and Switches (W. F. Seng) - 165545 | Precision Laser Annealing of Focal Plane Arrays (D. A. Bender) - 180844 | Pulsed Ultraviolet Light-Assisted Chemical Etching for Failure Analysis of Advanced CMOS Circuitry (D. P. Adams) - 173070 | Quantifying the Uncertainty of Risk Assessment for High Consequence Flight Tests (T. M. Jordan-Culler) - 165577 | Quantum Graph Analysis: Engineering and Experiment (P. L. Maunz) - 170800 | Real-Time Case-Based Reasoning using Large High-Dimensional Data (J. Woodbridge) - 180861 | Reconfigurable Structure Coupler for Antenna Mode Excitation (N. J. Smith) - 173052 | Reversible Electrical Interconnect (S. S. Mani) - 176311 | Rocket Engine Test System for Development of Novel Propulsion Technologies (W. Saul) - 173491 | Simulation of Optical Phenomena in the Upper Atmosphere (W. C. Sailor) - 173043 | Speech Detection with MEMS Zero Power Acoustic Sensor (B. Griffin) - 180824 | Staghorn: An Automated Large-Scale Distributed System Analysis Platform (K. G. Gabert) - 173074 | Technology Improvements for the Design and Analysis of Hypersonic Scramjets for Prompt Strike Applications (J. Fulton) - 177966 | Towards Global Persistent Surveillance (M. E. Buckman) - 180857 | Trusted Materials using Orthogonal Testing (M. Van Benthem) - 180850 | Using Graphene to Enable Trusted Microelectronics (B. L. Draper) - 173035 | Using Linkographies of Cyber Attack Patterns to Inform Honeytoken Placement (J. C. Jarocki) - 173037 | Using Machine Learning in Adversarial Environments (W. L. Davis, IV) - 173034 | Using Trusted Execution Environments to Provide Monitoring and Protection of Mobile Operating Systems (T. G. Fine) - 165554 | Wound Ballistics Modeling for Blast Loading, Blunt Force Impact, and Projectile Penetration (P. A. Taylor) Energy and Climate Investment Area: - 165620 | Active Suppression of Drilling System Vibrations for Deep Drilling (D. W. Raymond) - 180862 | Advanced Fuel-Injection System for Rapid Control of High-Efficiency Low-Temperature Combustion Engines using Gasoline and other Gasoline-Like Fuels, Including Biofuels (J. E. Dec) - 165619 | Advanced SMRs using S-CO2 Power Conversion with Dry Cooling (B. Middleton) - 180867 | Aggregating Distributed Energy Resources as Secure Virtual Power Plants (J. Johnson) - 173090 | An Advanced Decision Framework for Power Grid Resiliency (J. Watson) - 170805 | C2R2: Compact Compound Recirculator/Recuperator for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficient Thermochemical Processing (I. Ermanoski) - 165635 | Calibration, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification for Turbulence Simulations of Gas Turbine Engines (J. A. Templeton) - 173494 | Classifier-Guided Sampling for Complex Energy System Optimization (P. Backlund) - 165630 | Climate Induced Spillover and Implications for US Security (V. C. Tidwell) - 165637 | Coating Strategies for High Energy Lithium-Ion (C. Orendorff) - 165636 | Developing Next-Generation Graphene-Based Catalysts (T. N. Lambert) - 170975 | Development of High-Fidelity Models for Liquid Fuel Spray Atomization and Mixing Processes in Transportation and Energy Systems (R. N. Dahms) - 170976 | Development of Quality Assessment Techniques for Large Eddy Simulation of Propulsion and Power Systems in Complex Geometries (G. Lacaze) - 173495 | Electrostatic Coating with Naked Copper Nanoparticles (T. J. Boyle) - 173092 | Fractal-Like Materials Design with Optimized Radiative Properties for High-Efficiency Solar Energy Conversion (C. K. Ho) - 180870 | Holographic Spectrum Splitting Demonstration System for Duel Photovoltaic and Biofuel Operation (W. C. Sweatt) - 181205 | Lithium Oxysilicate Compounds as Stable Analogs for Understanding Li-P-S High Rate Li-Ion Separators: Moving Solid Electrolytes into High Rate Applications (C. A. Apblett) - 173094 | Measurements and Modeling of Black Carbon Aerosols in the Arctic for Climate Change Mitigation (H. A. Michelsen) - 180872 | Multi-Objective Optimization of Solar-Driven, Hollow-Fiber Membrane Distillation Systems (T. M. Nenoff) - 180869 | Multiscale Multiphysics for Subsurface Science and Engineering of Shale (H. Yoon) - 180865 | Nanocomposite Barrier Films for Enhanced Thin Film Photovoltaic Stability (E. D. Spoerke) - 165631 | Natural Gas Value Chain and Network Assessments (P. H. Kobos) - 173079 | Next-Generation Global Atmosphere Model (W. Spotz) - 165632 | Novel Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Stationary Energy Sources via Oxyfuel Combustion (T. M. Nenoff) - 181202 | Optimizing Microgrid Energy Delivery under High Uncertainty (A. Ellis) - 173664 | Predictive Engineering Tools for Novel Fuels (C. A. Taatjes) - 165633 | Sandia's Twistact Technology: The Key to Proliferation of Wind Power (J. P. Koplow) - 173076 | The Effect of Proppant Placement on Closure of Fractured Shale Gas Wells (M. D. Ingraham) - 173078 | The Role of Real-Time Decision Making in Grid Resilience (L. Burnham) - 176312 | Understanding Photo-Induced Oxidation Mechanisms of Volatile Organic Compounds (D. L. Osborn) - 171525 | Use of Slurries for Salt Caverns Abandonment (G. Bettin) - 186839 | Validating Hydrogen Concentration Fields at Crack Tips (J. A. Ronevich) International, Homeland, & Nuclear Security Investment Area: - 173492 | 3D Imaging with Structured Illumination for Advanced Security Applications (G. C. Birch) - 173114 | A Complex Systems Approach to more Resilient Multi-Layered Security Systems (N. J. Brown) - 173669 | Advanced Imaging Algorithms for Radiation Imaging Systems (P. Marleau) - 179224 | Building the Scientific Basis for Cyber Resilience of Critical Infrastructure (M. J. Hutchins) - 173105 | Combinatorial, Microscale Fuel/Oxidizer Formulations for the Systematic Determination of HME Properties (C. L. Beppler) - 173106 | Decontamination of Radiological-Contaminated Materials using Magnetotactic Bacteria (M. D. Tucker) - 173115 | Denial of Use of Bulk Chemical Agents and their Precursors (M. K. Kinnan) - 165676 | Development and Field-Testing of a Diagnostics Platform for Global Syndromic Disease Surveillance (M. Finley) - 173110 | Development of a Novel Nanoparticle Delivery Vehicle for Pre-Treatment with Nerve Agent Countermeasures (C. E. Ashley) - 165683 | Distinguishing Bioengineering from Natural Emergence in Biothreat Genomes (K. P. Williams) - 180921 | Distributed Session Types for Trusted Systems and Communications (G. C. Hulette) - 180897 | Dual-Particle Imaging System with Neutron Spectroscopy for Safeguard Applications (T. M. Weber) - 180891 | Emulation for Cyber-Enabled Physical Attack Scenarios (J. Clem) - 186363 | Enabling Explosives and Contraband Detection with Neutron Resonant Attenuation (M. Sweany) - 188289 | Exploring Growth Conditions to Identify, Quantify, and Reduce the Risk of False Negatives (M. Finley) - 170995 | High Fidelity Forward Model Development for Nuclear Reactor Spent Fuel Technical Nuclear Forensics (M. R. Sternat) - 165767 | Identification of Nucleic Acid Biomarkers of Infection in Blood (S. Branda) - 165687 | Improved Pulse Shape Discrimination in a Multicomponent Water/Organic System (J. G. Cordaro) - 165685 | Jam-Proof Wireless Communications (D. A. Perea) - 180893 | Magnetic Smart Tags (MaST) for Arms Control and Treaty Verification (E. Langlois) - 173036 | Measuring Human Performance within Computer Security Incident Response Teams (J. T. McClain) - 173112 | Online Mapping and Forecasting of Epidemics using Open-Source Indicators (J. Ray) - 180890 | Portable Reagent-Free, Label-Free, Early Infectious Disease Signature Detection System (M. Wu) - 165679 | Processing Radiation Images behind an Information Barrier for Automatic Warhead Authentication (C. W. Wilson) - 170996 | Radar Detection of Personnel Obscured by Foliage (K. J. Pascoe) - 165682 | Radiography Signature Science of Homemade Explosives (J. E. Parmeter) - 173111 | Real-Time, Autonomous Field Surveillance for Vector-Borne Pathogens (R. Meagher) - 186366 | Sampling-Based Algorithms for Estimating Structure in Big Data (K. M. Matulef) - 173113 | Single-Volume Neutron Scatter Camera for High-Efficiency Neutron Imaging and Source Characterization (E. Brubaker) - 173107 | Tamper Indicating Materials using Microvascular Networks (H. A. Smartt) - 180889 | Towards Representativeness in Emulytics (D. J. Fritz) - 180896 | Understanding Chemical Threat Agent Interaction with Concrete: Critical Step Toward CI Restoration (C. M. Tenney) - 165686 | Using Electroencephalography (EEG) and other Methods to Understand Domain-Specific Visual Search (A. Speed) - 173108 | VMD Fused Radar (VFR) - The First Volumetric Ultra-Low NAR Sensor for Exterior Environments (J. L. Russell) Nuclear Weapons Investment Area: - 181204 | Additive Manufacturing of Metallic Components by Laser Powder Forming (C. W. San Marchi) - 180929 | Additive Manufacturing of Porous Materials (D. Robinson) - 165725 | Carbon Composite MEMS Accelerometer (C. Dyck) - 173153 | Cognitive Data Science for Neutron Generator Predictive Pattern Analysis (R. A. Roach) - 165537 | Composing Formally Verified Modules to Analyze Security and Reliability Properties of Large-Scale High-Consequence Systems (G. C. Hulette) - 173180 | Compressed Sensing to Support Reduced Flight Testing (J. Helms) - 180928 | Defect Characterization for Material Assurance in Metal Additive Manufacturing (B. H. Jared) - 180926 | Direct Mechanical Ignition of Reactive Materials for Improved Safety and Performance (C. Yarrington) - 186869 | Distributed Sensing (P. L. Feng) - 173184 | Electro-Syntheses of Intermetallic Couples as Thin-Film Heat Sources for Advanced Thin-Film Thermal Batteries (C. A. Apblett) - 173186 | Engineered Composite Materials Science and Technology for Next-Generation Glass to Metal Seals (K. G. Ewsuk) - 173183 | Organic Semiconducting Materials for Thin-Film Optoelectronic Devices (J. G. Cordaro) - 165726 | Organosilicon-Based Electrolytes for Long-Life Li Primary Batteries (K. R. Fenton) - 180864 | Predictive Assessment of State of Health and Lifetime of Components (P. Tangyunyong) - 173666 | Process-Structure-Properties Relationship of Electrodeposited Au Thin Films used in Thermoelectric Power Generation Device (D. Banga) - 173154 | Radiation Hardness of MEMS Capacitive and Electromagnetic Accelerometers (B. D. Homeijer) - 173187 | Reconfigurable Matching Networks for High-Efficiency GaN Power Amplifiers (M. M. Elsbury) - 173156 | Recycling Scandium and Erbium from Nuclear Weapon Manufacturing Operations (R. F. Hess) - 180931 | Trust of Third-Party Digital Design Tools using Formal Methods (T. Mannos) - 165724 | Understanding H Isotope Adsorption and Absorption of Al-Alloys using Modeling and Experiments (D. Ward) - 173188 | Welding of Advanced Shape Memory Alloys (J. Rodelas) Grand Challenges are bold, game-changing ideas with the potential for enormous impact to the security of the nation through significant advances in science and engineering. Projects: - 180885 | Hardware Acceleration of Adaptive Neural Algorithms for Dynamic and Intelligent Threat Detection (HAANA) (C. D. James) - 173104 | New Capabilities for Hostile Environments (P. J. Griffin) - 165535 | Pattern ANalytics to Support High-Performance Exploitation and Reasoning (PANTHER) (K. R. Czuchlewski) - 180884 | Revolutionary SWaP Capability from Ultra-Wide-Bandgap Power Electronics (R. Kaplar) - 173103 | Sandia Enabled Communications and Authentication Network using Quantum Key Distribution (SECANT QKD) (R. Camacho) Exploratory Express Investment Area (short-term, rapid-start projects funded up to $50K): - 188720 | 10x Power Capture Increase from Multi-Frequency Nonlinear Dynamic Sources (D. G. Wilson) - 185271 | A High-Voltage Cathode for Thermal Batteries (W. A. Averill) - 180934 | Bulk Consolidation of Thermodynamically Stable Nanocrystalline Metal Alloys via Cold Spray (A. C. Hall) - 184520 | Can Asteroid Airbursts Cause Dangerous Tsunami? (M. B. Boslough) - 185053 | Creating Physically Based Three-Dimensional Microstructures: Bridging Phase Field and Crystal Plasticity Models (C. C. Battaile) - 185268 | Development of 3D Nanoscale H2 Evolution Catalysts (T. N. Lambert) - 184516 | Enhanced Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer to a Nanoantenna Coupled Direct Infrared Detector (P. Davids) - 180892 | Enhancing Target Delivery and Uptake of Molecular Cargos via Viral Membrane-Fusion Proteins (D. Ye) - 185270 | Exchange Coupled Fe/Co/FePt Nanoparticle Magnets (J. D. Watt) - 180800 | Exploring Rapid Nuclear Material Assay with a Pulsed Associated Particle Neutron Generator (S. Mitra) - 184518 | Feasibility of Observing and Characterizing Single Ion Strikes in Microelectronic Components (R. P. Dingreville) - 188025 | General, Physics-Based Predictive Model of Friction and Wear of Metallic Contacts (N. Argibay) - 180927 | Improved Performance of NW Solenoid Alloys by Novel Processing Methods (D. F. Susan) - 184581 | Lipid Membrane Coated Alginate Particles: Development of the Surrogate Cell (D. Y. Sasaki) - 188028 | Low Temperature Exhaust Remediation Based on Metal Organic Framework Nanoparticle Hybrid Catalysts (M. D. Allendorf) - 188024 | Nanoscale-Enabled Piezoelectrically Tunable Optomechanical Photonic Devices (M. Eichenfield) - 188029 | PDE Constrained Digital Image Correlation (D. Z. Turner) - 185054 | Photoelectrochemical Etching of GaN Quantum Wires (A. J. Fischer) - 188721 | Predictive Modeling of Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufacturing (F. B. van Swol) - 188719 | Resolving and Measuring Diffusion in Complex Interfaces: Exploring New Capabilities (T. M. Alam) - 188023 | Sphere-by-Sphere Manufacturing of 3D Microscale Granular Materials (M. R. Brake) - 185269 | Super-Sensitive and Robust Biosensors from Supported Polymer Bilayers (W. F. Paxton) - 176605 | Tightly Coupled GPS/INS Flight Test Demonstration (J. D. Madsen) - 184519 | Tunable Graphitic Carbon Nano-Onions Development in Carbon Nanofibers for Multivalent Energy Storage (H. L. Schwarz) - 188026 | Vertical GaN PIN Diodes with 5 kV Avalanche Breakdown (A. A. Allerman) For information on the following FY 2015 LDRD Projects, please contact the LDRD Office (Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0359): - 173039: Novel, Semi-Destructive FA Technique for Stacked Die - 173044: New Methods for Characterizing Hardware Protocols - 173046: Novel Technology Development - 173049: Advanced Target Phenomenology for Emergent Threat Detection - 173051: High Speed Remote Sensing of Optical Signatures - 176115: Advanced Deprocessing Techniques to Investigate White Light LVP and other Imaging - 173182: Non-Linear Transmission Line Based Technology - 178917: Unconventional Approaches to Neutron Generators - 180827: Additive Manufacturing of Integrated Functional Materials - 180829: Mitigating Information Disclosure Vulnerabilities - 180848: Electromagnetic Propagation and Prediction - 180851: Optical Distortion in the Hypersonic Environment - 180852: An Ultra-low SWaP Multi-Mission Bi-Static Sensor - 180854: Alumina Materials Chemistry - 180930: Microenergetic Logic for Safety Applications - 185586: Pulsed Laser Effects on Integrated Circuits Selected Awards and Recognitions: - Black Engineering Award, Most Promising Engineer: Jon Madison (Project 150683) - Asian American Engineer of the Year: Somuri Prasad (Project 158856); Patrick Feng (Project 180925) - HENAAC Award, Great Minds in STEM: Abraham Ellis (Project 181202) - Innovation Fellow Award, University of New Mexico: Jeff Brinker (Project 165609) - New Mexico Women of Influence Award, Albuquerque Business First: Susan Rempe (Project 173142) - Distinguished Lecture in Nanoscience, MRS Spring Meeting: Hongyou Fan (Project 165700) - Department of Energy's Ernest Lawrence Award: Pavel Bochev (Project 173025) - Erwin Marx Award, IEEE PPC and SOFE: Bill Stygar (Project 173191) - DOE Office of Science Early Career Award: Chris Kliewer (Project 151338) - Early Career Award, IEEE TCSC: Kurt Ferreira (Project 158852) - Future Leader Award, American Rock Mechanics Association: Matthew Ingraham (Project 173076) - Outstanding Young Engineer Award, SME: Margot Hutchins (Project 179224) - Morris Cohen Award, ECS Graduate Research: Eric Schindelholz (Project 180865) - Popular Science's 100 Greatest Innovations of 2015 (for BaDx): Melissa Finley, et al. (Project 158813) - National Innovation Awards, TechConnect: Melissa Finley, et al. for BaDx; mPower Inc. for Flexpower (Project 159257) - Federal Laboratory Consortium (FLC) Awards: Melissa Finley (BadX), Jeff Koplow (Twistact), Mark Tucker (Decontamination Technology) - APS Fellows: Steve Slutz (Project 171061), Dan Sinars (Project 141537) - SIAM Fellow: Tamara Kolda (Project 181052) - Best Paper Awards: Mark Boslough (IEEE Aerospace); Nedra Bonal (SAGEEP); Jonathan Berry, et al. (IEEE IPDPS); Randy Brost, et al. (ACM SIGSPATIAL BigSpatial); Marco Arienti and Mark Sussman (Tanasawa Award); Nathaniel Dodds (NSREC); Sonal Patel (ICOPS Best Student Paper); Jon Ihlefeld (MRS Best Poster); Stephen Foiles and Chris O'Brien (APT&M Best Poster); Robert Johnston (Best Speaker); Mark Durniak (RPI's Founder's Award) Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. Contract: DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report Number: SAND 2016-2807 R Publication Date: March 2016 LDRD Annual Report Staff: Marie Arrowsmith, Rita Betty, Donna Chavez, Greg Frye-Mason, Sheri Martinez, Yolanda Moreno, Donna Mullaney, David Trimmer.