CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL)

Nicholas Christofilos graduates from the National Polytechnic Institute in Athens with a degree in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering.

Nicholas Christofilos applies for an accelerator patent, and the Astron project begins at Livermore National Laboratory focusing on relativistic electron rings.

Private pilot. Nine objects. 1,200+ mph (supersonic pre-sound barrier). No tails. 'Like Chinese kite.' Coined 'flying saucer' (reporter misquote). Nationwide wave by July 4. Led to Operation Sign → Gr

Sandia National Laboratories begins operations for the Department of Energy, initially managed by AT&T, focusing on systems engineering for nuclear weapons.

The U.S. AEC's classified controlled-fusion program begins at LANL and partner labs.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is created at the urging of Edward Teller and Ernest Lawrence to pursue the hydrogen bomb.

James Tuck conducts early fusion experiments with the Perhapsatron at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Greek engineer starts E-layer field reversal concept. Earliest compact torus conception. Presented at 1958 Geneva.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory operates the Astron program to achieve stable field reversal using linear induction accelerators.

The Astron project is officially launched at Livermore National Laboratory under the leadership of Nicholas Christofilos.